直接引語直接引語和間接引語的區別和用法 _知識經驗

【直接引語直接引語和間接引語的區別和用法】

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大家好,小跳來為大家解答以上的問題。直接引語和間接引語的區別和用法，直接引語這個很多人還不知道,現在讓我們一起來看看吧！
1、直接引語是直接引述別人的原話，原話用有引號，而間接引語是引述別人的話，不用引號。
2、間接引語在多數情況下構成賓語從句。
3、直接引語改為間接引語時，引述動詞是現在時，則間接引語中的動詞、時間、時態的形式不變。
4、關鍵要掌握下列“三要素” 。
5、要素一：陳述句的間接引語——連接詞用that ，在口語中可省略。
6、引述動詞用said, told, ,等。
7、例如： 1)He said: “I’ve left my book in my room.”→ He told me that he had left his book in his room. 2) She said: “He will be busy.”→ She said that he would be busy. 要素二：疑問句的間接引語。
8、一般疑問句后連接詞用if或whether，而引述選擇疑問句時只能用whether，引述動詞用asked，沒有間接引語的可以加一個間接賓語me, him等，例如：She said to Tom, “Can you help me?”→She asked Tom if /whether he could help her. 1)She asked, “Is this book yours or his?”→She asked me whether that book was mine or his. 2) 特殊疑問句用原句中的疑問詞作連接詞，改為陳述語序。
9、例如：The teacher asked, “how did you repair it?” →The teacher asked me how I had repaired it. 要素三：祈使句的間接引語——采用“動詞+賓語+不定式”結構。
10、told 即askedsb. (not) to do sth.orderedwarned 注意：引語中的呼語可改成賓語。
11、引語中的please 去掉，動詞改為 ask1) The teacher said to the students, “Don’t waste your time.” →The teacher told the students not to waste their time. 2)The mother said, “Tom, get up early, please.”→ The mother asked Tom to get up early.“五不變”在直接引語變間接引語時，還要注意以下五種不變的特殊情況。
12、 1．直接引語如果是客觀真理，諺（習）語，變間接引語時時態不變。
13、例如：The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.”→ The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun. My father said, “Practice makes perfect.”→ My father said practice makes perfect. 2.直接引語中被引述的部分是反復出現的，習慣性的動作或說話時情況仍然存在的，變間接引語時，時態保持不變，例如：The boy said to us, “ I usually get up at six every day.”→The boy told us he usually gets up at six every day.He said, “We are still students.’→He said they are still students. 3．直接引語如果有明確的表示過去的時間狀語，時態不變。
14、例如：He said to me, “I was born in 1978.”→He told me that he was born in 1978.The engineer said, “I was at college in 1967.”→The engineer said he was at college in 1967. 4．直接引語中凡有When ， since，while 引導的從句，在變為間接引語時，只改變主句時態，從句的時態不變。
15、例如：He said, “I have studied English since I was a boy.” → He said he had studied English since he was a boy. She said, “I read the book while I was waiting for a bus.→ She said she had read the book while she was waiting for a bus. Mr. Green said to them, “Joe told me all about his story when he asked for a job.”→ Mr. Green told them Joe had told him all about his story when he asked for a job. 5．如果直接引語中引述部分含有insist, suggest, demand等引導的虛擬賓語從句，變間接引語時，引語中的主從句時態都不變。
16、例如： He said, “We insisted that she start immediately.→ He said they (had) insisted that she start immediately. She said, “He demanded that the girl leave at once.”→ She said he demanded that the girl leave at once. 另外，如果說話人轉述自己的話，人稱則可不變. 例如： I said to him, “I have finished it.”→I told him I had finished it. 如果就在當地轉述, here不必變為there，come不必改為go，如果就在當天轉述，則today, yesterday, tomorrow等狀語也不必變化。
17、例如： She said to us, I’ll come here tomorrow.”→ She told us she would come here tomorrow. 。
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直接引語 直接引語和間接引語的區別和用法

直接引語直接引語和間接引語的區別和用法