in|美國人均預期壽命驟降,達到二戰以來最大降幅

Life expectancyin the United States took another hit in 2021, furthering a dramatic decline from 2020 that was the largest since World War II, according to a new report.
一份最新報告顯示 , 美國人均預期壽命在2021再次受到嚴重沖擊 , 跟2020年相比進一步大幅下降 , 達到二戰以來最大降幅 。
The study -- published Thursday on the preprint server medRxiv, which means it has not been peer-reviewed -- found that after falling nearly 1.9 years in 2020, life expectancy in the US decreasedanother 0.4 years in 2021.
這項研究于星期四發表在預印版伺服器 medRxiv上 , 這意味著它還沒有經過同行評審 。 該研究發現 , 美國人均預期壽命在2020年下降了近1.9歲 , 之后2021年又下降了0.4歲 。
in|美國人均預期壽命驟降,達到二戰以來最大降幅
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In the decade before the pandemic, life expectancy in the US changed by an average of less than 0.1 years annually, according to data from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
根據美國疾病控制和預防中心(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)的數據 , 在新冠疫情爆發前的十年里 , 美國人均預期壽命平均每年變化不到0.1歲 。
Changes to life expectancy amid the Covid-19 pandemic widened an existing gap between the US and other high-income countries, the new report shows. Among a set of 19 peer countries, life expectancy dropped only a third as much as in the US in 2020 (down 0.6 years, on average) and rebounded in 2021, with an average increase of about 0.3 years.
這份新報告顯示 , 在新冠流行期間 , 人均預期壽命的變化拉大了美國和其他高收入國家之間的現有差距 。 在19個對等國家中 , 其他國家2020年人均預期壽命的下降幅度只有美國的三分之一(平均下降0.6歲) , 并在2021年出現反彈 , 平均增長約0.3歲 。
Life expectancy in the US fell from 78.9 years in 2019 to 76.6 years in 2021 -- now more than five years less than the average among peer nations.
美國人均預期壽命從2019年的78.9歲下降到2021年的76.6歲 , 現在比對等國家的平均水平少了5歲多 。
"This speaks volumes about the life consequences of how the US handled the pandemic," Dr. Steven Woolf, study author and director emeritus of the Center on Society and Health at Virginia Commonwealth University, said in a statement. "What happened in the U.S. is less about the variants than the levels of resistance to vaccination and the public's rejection of practices, such as masking and mandates, to reduce viral transmission."
“這充分說明了美國應對新冠疫情措施帶來的生命后果 。 ”報告作者弗吉尼亞聯邦大學社會與健康中心名譽主任史蒂文·伍爾夫博士在一份聲明中說:“這樣的后果與其說和病毒變種有關 , 不如說是和抵制疫苗接種以及公眾拒絕執行佩戴口罩和其他強制措施來減少病毒傳播有關 。 "
In the US, there was a disproportionate decrease in life expectancy for Black and Hispanic people in 2020. But in 2021, White people had the largest losses, with life expectancy holding steady for Hispanic people and rising slightly for Black people.
2020年美國黑人和西班牙裔人的人均預期壽命出現較大下降 。 但在2021年 , 白人的下降最大 , 西班牙裔人均預期壽命保持穩定 , 黑人的人均預期壽命略有上升 。
Key points:
1 , Life expectancy 預期壽命;平均壽命
By the year 2050, women will have a life expectancyof 83.6 years and men of at least 75.1.
到2050年 , 女性預期壽命將達到83.6歲 , 男性預期壽命至少達到75.1歲 。
2 , decrease 減少 , 降低
In Spain and Portugal there has been a decreasein the number of young people out of work.